Among the Lombards, the Burgundians and the Thuringians, this custom seems to have comprised women only. In Late Antiquity (300–600 CE), the East Germanic tribes who were ruled by the Huns, the Gepids, Ostrogoths, Heruli, Rugii, and Burgundians adopted this custom. In the Old World, Huns also are known to have practised similar cranial deformation, as were the people known as the Alans. He described a group known as the Macrocephali or Long-heads, who were named for their practice of cranial modification. The earliest written record of cranial deformation comes from Hippocrates in about 400 BCE. It is thought elongated skulls found among Neolithic peoples in Southwest Asia were the result of artificial cranial deformation. However, later research by Chech, Grove, Thorne, and Trinkaus, based on new cranial reconstructions in 1999, questioned the earlier findings and concluded: "we no longer consider that artificial cranial deformation can be inferred for the specimen". The earliest suggested examples were once thought to include Neanderthals and the Proto- Neolithic Homo sapiens component (9th millennium BCE) from Shanidar Cave in Iraq, The view that the Neanderthal skull was artificially deformed, thus representing the oldest example of such practices by tens of thousands of years, was common for a period. Intentional cranial deformation predates written history it was practiced commonly in a number of cultures that are widely separated geographically and chronologically, and still occurs today in a few areas, including Vanuatu. History Portrait of Alchon Hun king Khingila, from his coinage, c. In a typical case, headbinding begins approximately a month after birth and continues for about six months. Typically, the shape alteration is carried out on an infant, as the skull is most pliable at this time. Flat shapes, elongated ones (produced by binding between two pieces of wood), rounded ones (binding in cloth), and conical ones are among those chosen or valued in various cultures. It is done by distorting the normal growth of a child's skull by applying force. Right: Elongated skull excavated in Samarkand (dated 600–800 CE), Afrasiab Museum of SamarkandĪrtificial cranial deformation or modification, head flattening, or head binding is a form of body alteration in which the skull of a human being is deformed intentionally. Figures like Jack Skellington, hero of Tim Burton's Nightmare Before Christmas, are worshiped here, and Tumblr created the Evanescence-inspired skull rocking chair meme named " Wake me up inside (Can't wake up)," as well as the 'bone tiddies' meme which depicts two skeletons in love, one saddled with anatomically improbable bone-breasts in an effort to make the undead couple appear more heterosexual (who made Bone Tiddies, and why did they care so much about undead sexuality?).Left: Portrait of Yuezhi prince from Khalchayan, c. The home of emos, goths, and assorted skinny jean wearers, Tumblr has long nurtured a skeleton obsession. As one 2014 Gawker piece observed, Doot's strength lies in its vagueness: it's up to whoever is posting it to add meaning and flesh it out. Kitschy and poorly-animated (by today's standards, at least), today 'Doot' serves as a reminder of technologies past, but the meme can also convey something older, creepier and more human. The two-second animated clip appeared on YouTube in 2011, originally clipart in Microsoft's 'Movie Maker'. The early 2010s also birthed the 'skull trumpet' meme, often referred to simply as 'Doot'.
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